Table of Contents

Table of Contents Contact the Author 12 Introduction 13 How to Use This Book 14 Chapter 1: SAP System Overview 15 SAP System Architecture 15 Environment for Programs 18 Work Processes 19 The Dispatcher 19 The Database Interface 20 First look at the ABAP Workbench 22 First Look 23 ABAP Dictionary 27 ABAP Editor 27 Function Builder 27 Menu Painter 28 Screen Painter 28 Object Navigator 28 Chapter 2: Data Dictionary 29 Introduction 29 Creating a Table 29 Creating Fields 33 Data Elements 34 Data Domains 36 Technical Settings 45 Entering Records into a Table 48 v Viewing the Data in a Table 51 Chapter 3 55 Creating a Program 55 Code Editor 57 Write Statements 62 Output Individual Fields 71 Chaining Statements Together 72 Copy Your Program 73 Declaring Variables 75 Constants 78 Chapter 4 79 Arithmetic – Addition 79 Arithmetic – Subtraction 80 Arithmetic – Division 81 Arithmetic – Multiplication 81 Conversion Rules 82 Division Variations 83 The standard form of division. 83 The integer form of division. 83 The remainder form of division. 84 Chapter 5 – Character Strings 85 Declaring C and N Fields 85 Data type C. 85 Data type N. 86 String Manipulation 87 Concatenate 87 vi Condense 88 NO-GAPS 89 Find the Length of a String 89 Replace 90 Search 90 SEARCH Example 1 91 SEARCH Example 2 91 SEARCH Example 3 92 SEARCH Example 4 92 Shift 93 Split 94 SubFields 96 Chapter 6 – Debugging Programs 98 Fields mode 102 System Variables 103 Table Mode 103 Breakpoints 105 Static Breakpoints 107 Watchpoints 108 Ending a Debug Session 111 Chapter 7: Working with Database Tables 113 Making a Copy of a Table 113 Add New Fields 116 Foreign Keys 117 Append Structures 122 Include Structures 124 vii Key Fields 127 Deleting Fields 130 Deleting Tables 133 Chapter 8 – Working with Other Data Types 136 Date and Time Fields 136 Date Fields in Calculations 138 Time Fields in Calculations 141 Quantity and Currency Fields in Calculations 142 Chapter 9 – Modifying Data in a Database Table 146 Authorisations 146 Fundamentals 146 Database Lock Objects 148 Using Open SQL Statements 149 Using Open SQL Statements – 5 Statements 150 Insert Statement 151 Clear Statement 155 Update Statement 157 Modify Statement 158 Delete Statement 160 Chapter 10 – Program Flow Control and Logical Expressions 164 Control Structures 164 If Statement 164 Linking Logical Expressions Together 169 Nested If Statements 169 Case Statement 170 Select Loops 171 viii Do Loops 172 Nested Do Loops 175 While Loops 178 Nested While Loops 179 Loop Termination – CONTINUE 180 Loop Termination – CHECK 181 Loop Termination – EXIT 182 Chapter 11 – Selection Screens 184 Events 184 Intro to Selection Screens 185 Creating Selection Screens 186 At Selection Screen 187 Parameters 188 DEFAULT 189 OBLIGATORY 190 Automatic Generation of Drop-Down fields 190 LOWER CASE 191 Check Boxes and Radio Button Parameters 192 Select-Options 193 Select-Option Example 196 Select-Option Additions 200 Text Elements 200 Variants 203 Text Symbols 209 Text Messages 211 Skip Lines and Underline 216 ix Comments 218 Format a Line and Position 219 Element Blocks 221 Chapter 12 – Internal Tables 223 Introduction 223 Types of Internal Tables 224 Standard Tables 224 Sorted Tables 225 Hashed Table 225 Internal Tables - Best Practice Guidelines 225 Creating Standard and Sorted Tables 226 Create an Internal Table with Separate Work Area 227 Filling an Internal Table with Header Line 228 Move-Corresponding 232 Filling Internal Tables with a Work Area 234 Using Internal Tables One Line at a Time 235 Modify 236 Describe and Insert 236 Read 238 Delete Records 239 Sort Records 240 Work Area Differences 241 Loops 241 Modify 242 Insert 242 Read 242 x Delete 242 Delete a Table with a Header Line 243 CLEAR 243 REFRESH 243 FREE 243 Delete a Table with a Work Area 244 Chapter 13 – Modularizing Programs 245 Introduction 245 Includes 246 Procedures 249 Sub-Routines 250 Passing Tables 254 Passing Tables and Fields Together 255 Sub-Routines - External Programs 256 Function Modules 257 Function Modules – Components 258 Attributes Tab 262 Import Tab 262 Export Tab 263 Changing Tab 263 Tables Tab 263 Exceptions Tab 263 Source Code Tab 264 Function Module Testing 264 Function Modules - Coding 267